HMS HECLA A133HMS HECLA A133
Class………………Hecla class survey vessel
Builder…………..Blythswood Shipbuilders Co, Scotstoun.
Laid down………6 May 1964
Launched……….21 December 1964
Completed……..24 August 1965
Commissioned..9 September 1965
Propulsion………. Diesel-electric drive
1 shaft driven by an electric motor producing 2,000 shp. With electric power supplied by Paxman diesel engines.
Speed………………14 knots
Range………………20000 nm at 9 knots
Sold out of service
•1997: Sold to Harley Marine Services Ltd and renamed BLIGH
•2003: Sold to Ventura Shipping retained the name BLIGH
•2004: Sold for breaking up at Alang
HMS Hecla was the lead ship of the Hecla class, an oceangoing survey ship type in the Royal Navy. She was ordered in the mid-1960s, along with her sisters ships HMS Hecate and HMS Hydra. A fourth ship, HMS Herald, was completed in the early 1970s. The ship served for thirty years in this role, and various others, before finally being replaced by HMS Scott in 1997.
Hecla was sold to private interests, being renamed "Bligh" after Vice-Admiral William Bligh. After this, the vessel was used in a hydrographic survey of Irish waters, and was based in Waterford, Ireland. The vessel was sold for breaking up at Alang in 2004.
The Hecla class was a successful design based on a merchant-hulled ocean survey craft, with good stability and fuel economy, for survey, oceanographic and hydrographic work in connection with naval operations worldwide, including the detailed charting of the sea bed for SSBN operations.
The ability to operate a Westland Wasp helicopter has greatly increased the flexibility of these craft to support survey bases. In addition two 9.5 m survey craft, a launch and a Land Rover vehicle are carried.
Special equipment for the role included Marconi Elliot Hydropilot, Hi-Fix, Satellite Navigation, Decca Pulse B, Decca Navigator Mainchain , LaCoste Romberg Gravimeter and Baringer Magnemeter. Coring and bathethermal equipment was available. Onboard were specialist workshops, a photographic studio, drawing office and special chartroom. The helicopter was hangered.
Propulsion was by diesel-electric drive which could be controlled from the bridge during delicate survey operations, or linked to the satellite and other advanced navigation sensors. The single shaft was augmented by bow thrusters for manoeuvring.
Three (not Hecate) of the vessels acted as hospital, sea ambulance and casualty evacuation ferries in the South Atlantic, with Hecate and Herald acting as patrol ships in 1982, 1983 and 1984, when Endurance was under maintenance and refit; both were fitted with light guns during this period . Herald relieved Endurance in April 1983.
During service in the South Atlantic the ships were either painted with the Red Cross for hospital work or when operating as guard ships in overall sea grey
Photo: 5 June 1994 (50th Anniversary of D-Day) : Portsmouth
HMS HECLA A133HMS HECLA A133
Class………………Hecla class survey vessel
Builder…………..Blythswood Shipbuilders Co, Scotstoun.
Laid down………6 May 1964
Launched……….21 December 1964
Completed……..24 August 1965
Commissioned..9 September 1965
Propulsion………. Diesel-electric drive
1 shaft driven by an electric motor producing 2,000 shp. With electric power supplied by Paxman diesel engines.
Speed………………14 knots
Range………………20000 nm at 9 knots
Sold out of service
•1997: Sold to Harley Marine Services Ltd and renamed BLIGH
•2003: Sold to Ventura Shipping retained the name BLIGH
•2004: Sold for breaking up at Alang
HMS Hecla was the lead ship of the Hecla class, an oceangoing survey ship type in the Royal Navy. She was ordered in the mid-1960s, along with her sisters ships HMS Hecate and HMS Hydra. A fourth ship, HMS Herald, was completed in the early 1970s. The ship served for thirty years in this role, and various others, before finally being replaced by HMS Scott in 1997.
Hecla was sold to private interests, being renamed "Bligh" after Vice-Admiral William Bligh. After this, the vessel was used in a hydrographic survey of Irish waters, and was based in Waterford, Ireland. The vessel was sold for breaking up at Alang in 2004.
The Hecla class was a successful design based on a merchant-hulled ocean survey craft, with good stability and fuel economy, for survey, oceanographic and hydrographic work in connection with naval operations worldwide, including the detailed charting of the sea bed for SSBN operations.
The ability to operate a Westland Wasp helicopter has greatly increased the flexibility of these craft to support survey bases. In addition two 9.5 m survey craft, a launch and a Land Rover vehicle are carried.
Special equipment for the role included Marconi Elliot Hydropilot, Hi-Fix, Satellite Navigation, Decca Pulse B, Decca Navigator Mainchain , LaCoste Romberg Gravimeter and Baringer Magnemeter. Coring and bathethermal equipment was available. Onboard were specialist workshops, a photographic studio, drawing office and special chartroom. The helicopter was hangered.
Propulsion was by diesel-electric drive which could be controlled from the bridge during delicate survey operations, or linked to the satellite and other advanced navigation sensors. The single shaft was augmented by bow thrusters for manoeuvring.
Three (not Hecate) of the vessels acted as hospital, sea ambulance and casualty evacuation ferries in the South Atlantic, with Hecate and Herald acting as patrol ships in 1982, 1983 and 1984, when Endurance was under maintenance and refit; both were fitted with light guns during this period . Herald relieved Endurance in April 1983.
During service in the South Atlantic the ships were either painted with the Red Cross for hospital work or when operating as guard ships in overall sea grey
Photo: 5 June 1994 (50th Anniversary of D-Day) : Portsmouth
Happy Days in 1910. And the Life and Death of Jack Hawkins.The Postcard
A Commercial Series postcard that was published by J. W. B. of London E.
The card was posted in Ripon on Wednesday the 14th. September 1910 to:
Miss Lamb,
Vincent House,
Kettering.
The pencilled message on the divided back of the card, which was written in a very childish hand, was as follows:
"Dear W,
Many Happy Returns
of the Day.
From Bill".
Jack Hawkins, CBE
So what else happened on the day that the card was posted?
Well, the 14th. September 1910 marked the birth in Wood Green, Middlesex of Jack Hawkins.
Born John Edward Hawkins, Jack was an English stage and screen actor whose active years were from 1930 to 1973.
One of the most popular British film stars of the 1950's, he was best known for his portrayal of military men.
Jack Hawkins - The Early Years
Jack was born at 45 Lyndhurst Road, Wood Green, in what is now Haringey, London, the son of a builder. He was educated at Wood Green's Trinity County Grammar School, where, aged eight, he joined the school choir.
By the age of ten Hawkins had joined the local operatic society, and made his stage debut in Patience by Gilbert and Sullivan. His parents enrolled him in the Italia Conti Academy, and whilst he was studying there, he made his London stage debut -- at the age of eleven, he played the Elf King in Where the Rainbow Ends at the Holborn Empire on Boxing Day, December 1923, a production that also included the young Noël Coward.
At the age of 14 Jack played the page in a production of Saint Joan by George Bernard Shaw. Five years later he was in a production of Beau Geste alongside Laurence Olivier.
At the age of 18 Jack appeared on Broadway in Journey's End.
Jack Hawkins in the 1930's
In the 1930's Hawkins's focus was on the stage. He worked in the companies of Sybil Thorndike, John Gielgud and Basil Dean. His performances included Port Said by Emlyn Williams (1931), Below the Surface by H L Stoker and L S Hunt (1932), Red Triangle by Val Gielgud (1932), Service by C I Anthony, for director Basil Dean (1933), One of Us by Frank Howard, As You Like It by William Shakespeare (1933) and Iron Flowers by Cecil Lewis (1933, with Jessica Tandy his wife).
Jack also started appearing in films, including a number of "quota quickies" as well as more prestigious productions. His appearances included Birds of Prey (1930), The Lodger (1932) (starring Ivor Novello), The Good Companions (1933), The Lost Chord (1933), I Lived with You (1933), The Jewel (1933), A Shot in the Dark (1933) and Autumn Crocus (1934).
In 1932 he was in a radio production of Hamlet with John Gielgud and Robert Donat, and the following year he was in Danger.
He was also in Death at Broadcasting House (1934), Lorna Doone (1934), and Peg of Old Drury (1935).
Stage roles included While Parents Sleep (1932) by Anthony Kimmins, and Iron Mistress (1934) by Arthur Macrae. Jack was then in an open air Shakespeare festival – As You Like It (1934) (with Anna Neagle), Twelfth Night (1934), Comedy of Errors (1934).
Some of these productions were broadcast on radio. The Maitlands by Ronald Mackenzie (1934) was for John Gielgud's company. He was Horatio to Gielgud's Hamlet (1934).
Jack also appeared in Accidentally Yours by Clifford Grey (1935), The World Waits by Clifford Hummel (1935), Coincidence by Bryce Robertson (1935) and The Frog (1935).
Films in the late 1930's included Beauty and the Barge (1937), The Frog (1937) (which Hawkins had played on stage), Who Goes Next? (1938), A Royal Divorce (1938), Murder Will Out (1939) and The Flying Squad (1940).
Theatre appearances included A Winter's Tale (1937), Autumn by Margaret Kennedy and Gregory Ratoff (1937, with Flora Robson for Basil Dean), The King's Breakfast by Rita Welman and Maurice Marks (1937–38), No More Music by Rosamund Lehman (1938), Can We Tell? by Robert Gore Brown (1938), Traitors Gate by Norma Stuart (1938) and Dear Octopus by Dodie Smith (1938–39).
Jack Hawkins in the Second World War
Having attended an Officer Cadet Training Unit, Jack was commissioned into the Royal Welch Fusiliers, British Army, as a second lieutenant on the 8th. March 1941.
On the 22nd. January 1944, he transferred to the Expeditionary Force Institutes in the rank of lieutenant. He served with ENSA in India and Southeast Asia.
During his military service, he made The Next of Kin (1942) for Ealing Studios.
Jack Hawkins' Post-War Career
Hawkins left the army in July 1946. Two weeks later he appeared on stage in The Apple Cart at £10 a week. The following year he starred in Othello, to a mixed reception.
Hawkins's wife became pregnant and he became concerned about his future. He decided to accept a contract with Sir Alexander Korda for three years at £50 a week. Hawkins had been recommended to Korda by the latter's production executive, Bill Bryden, who was married to Elizabeth Allen, who had worked with Hawkins.
The association began badly when Hawkins was cast in Korda's notorious flop Bonnie Prince Charlie (1948) as Lord George Murray.
However Jack followed it with a good role in the successful, highly acclaimed The Fallen Idol (1948) for Carol Reed. Also acclaimed was The Small Back Room (1949), for Powell and Pressburger; he impressed as the villain in State Secret (1950), for Sidney Gilliat with Douglas Fairbanks Jnr.
He was recruited by 20th. Century Fox to support Tyrone Power and Orson Welles in the expensive epic The Black Rose (1950). He made another with Powell and Pressburger for Korda, The Elusive Pimpernel (1950), playing the Prince of Wales.
In the spring of 1951 he went to Broadway and played Mercutio in a production of Romeo and Juliet with Olivia de Havilland.
Hawkins played the lead in The Adventurers (1951), shot in South Africa, then had a good role in another Hollywood-financed film shot in Britain, No Highway in the Sky (1951), with James Stewart. It was followed by a British thriller with Ralph Richardson, Home at Seven (1952).
Stardom
Hawkins became a star with the release of three successful films in which he played stern but sympathetic authority figures: Angels One Five (1951), as an RAF officer during the war; The Planter's Wife (1952), as a rubber planter combating communists in the Malayan Emergency (with Claudette Colbert); and Mandy (1952), the headmaster of a school for the deaf.
The films ranked among the top ten most popular films at the British box office in 1952, and British exhibitors voted him the fourth most popular British star at the box office.
Hawkins consolidated his new status with The Cruel Sea (1953), playing a driven naval officer in the war. Sir Michael Balcon said:
"Even before the script was written,
we knew it had to be Jack Hawkins.
If he hadn't been free to play the part,
then there wouldn't have been a film."
The Cruel Sea was the most successful film of the year, and saw Hawkins voted the most popular star in Great Britain regardless of nationality.
According to his Guardian obituary:
"Jack Hawkins exemplified for many
cinemagoers the stiff upper lip tradition
prevalent in post-war British films. His
craggy looks and authoritative bearing
were used to good effect whatever
branch of the services he represented."
Malta Story (1953) was another military film, with Hawkins as an RAF officer in the Siege of Malta during the war. It too was a hit, the ninth most popular film in Great Britain in 1953.
He had a guest role in Twice Upon a Time (1953) for Emeric Pressburger. He followed this with two mildly popular dramas – The Intruder (1953) and Front Page Story (1954).
The Seekers (1954) was partly shot in New Zealand and cast Hawkins in a rare romantic role. He said:
"My film wives to date usually stay home
and knit, or else have conveniently died
before the film starts."
It was followed by The Prisoner (1955), an unconventional drama, playing the shrewd interrogator in an authoritarian country who gets a respected priest (played by Alec Guinness) to discredit himself.
None of these films was commercially successful, but Hawkins was still voted the fifth biggest star at the British box office for 1954, and the most popular British one.
Hawkins commented:
"It's an enviable position, I know, but I have
to be more careful now about the parts I
choose, and it's hard not to offend people.
Everyone thinks his own script is the best."
He turned down the role of Colonel Carne in The Glorious Gloucesters for Warwick Films and Captain Cook for a project for the Rank organisation; neither movie was made.
In a 1954 interview Jack said:
"I'm tired of playing decent fellows with stiff
upper lip and even stiffer morals. I'm going to
kill them off before they kill me as an actor.
And I want stories written for me, not rejects
intended for other fellows... I just inherit them
from other people.
Often, I find they've left the name of the actor
originally suggested for the role. Always the
same old names ... Errol Flynn, Gregory Peck ...
five or six others.
Before the script reaches them, somebody
remembers me – especially if it's one of those
infernally nice characters."
Jack Hawkins as an International Star
Hawkins got his wish when he received a Hollywood offer to play a pharaoh for Howard Hawks in Land of the Pharaohs (1955).
He returned home to make an Ealing comedy, Touch and Go (1955), which was not particularly popular. He was more comfortably cast as a police officer in The Long Arm (1956) and a test pilot in The Man in the Sky (1957). He was an insurance investigator in Sidney Gilliat's Fortune Is a Woman (1957).
Hawkins's career received a major boost when given the third lead in The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), supporting William Holden and Alec Guinness. This was a massive hit and highly acclaimed.
Jack was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1958.
Hawkins played the lead role in a film for John Ford, Gideon's Day (USA title: Gideon of Scotland Yard) (1958), playing a police officer. He had a good role as a double agent in a war film, The Two-Headed Spy (1958), then was given another third lead in the Hollywood blockbuster Ben-Hur (1959), playing the Roman admiral who befriends Charlton Heston. It was even more successful than Bridge on the River Kwai.
He appeared as one of The Four Just Men (1959) in the Sapphire Films TV series for ITV. He also played the lead in a version of The Fallen Idol for American TV.
In reality, Hawkins was politically liberal, and an emotional man, in sharp contrast to his conservative screen image. One of his favourite films, the heist film The League of Gentlemen (1960), was considered quite groundbreaking for its time in its references to sex. The film was popular at the British box office, and gave Hawkins his final lead role.
However, though initially sought for the role of a gay barrister in Victim, he turned it down fearing that it might conflict with his masculine image. The role was eventually played by Dirk Bogarde. There was some talk he would play Captain Bligh in the remake of Mutiny on the Bounty (1962) but Trevor Howard ended up playing the role.
Jack Hawkin's Decline as a Star
A three-packet-a-day chain smoker, Hawkins began experiencing voice problems in the late 1950's; unknown to the public he had undergone cobalt treatment in 1959 for what was then described as a secondary condition of the larynx, but which was probably cancer.
Hawkins became worried about his voice, and was concerned that he would lose it. This caused him to take almost any work that was available. He said:
"I had to be realistic and take as much
money as I could get while the going
was good".
This may explain why he took the part of General Cornwallis in a European epic, Lafayette (1961). He was third lead to Shirley MacLaine and Laurence Harvey in Two Loves (1961), and supported Rosalind Russell in Five Finger Exercise (1962).
In a 1961 interview Jack commented:
"There are not all that number of mature
leading men around. There seems to be a
generation missing.
I think people quit going into the acting
profession. A lot of them drifted out during
the war. And then when the war was over
it was difficult for them to get back into the
theatre."
He was in another big hit in Lawrence of Arabia (1962), as General Allenby. Rampage (1963) was less distinguished, but Zulu (1964) gave him a good role as a cowardly priest; it was, however, clearly a supporting part, and Hawkins's days as a star seemed to be over.
He had supporting parts in The Third Secret (1964), Guns at Batasi (1964) and Lord Jim (1965). Masquerade (1965) gave him a lead opposite Cliff Robertson. He made some appearances on US TV: "To Bury Caesar" with Pamela Brown in 1963 and "Back to Back" for The Bob Hope Theatre. He also appeared in Judith (1966), and The Poppy Is Also a Flower (1966).
Jack Hawkins' Illness
In December 1965, Hawkins was diagnosed with throat cancer. His entire larynx was removed in January 1966. In March of that year he appeared at a royal screening of Born Free attended by the Queen and received a standing ovation.
Thereafter his performances were dubbed, often (with Hawkins's approval) by Robert Rietti or Charles Gray. Hawkins continued to smoke after losing his voice. In private, he used a mechanical larynx to aid his speech.
In 1967 it was reported that he would direct Peter O'Toole in St. Patrick's Battalion in Mexico, but the film was not made.
Instead he resumed his acting career, with his voice dubbed and dialogue kept to a minimum: Shalako (1968) and Great Catherine (1968). In Oh! What a Lovely War (1969), playing Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria, he had no lines at all.
He had an operation to restore his voice in 1968. It did not work; Hawkins could talk but only in a croaking voice.
In 1969 Jack commented:
"The fact that producers are still offering me
work is a source of much gratitude to me.
I flatter myself that when they cast me in a
part it's me Jack Hawkins they want, and not
the person who was once Jack Hawkins... if
you know what I mean.
And I'm perfectly honest with anyone who
hires me. I tell them exactly what they're letting
themselves in for."
Some rare comedies followed: Monte Carlo or Bust (1969), Twinky (1970), The Adventures of Gerard (1970). There was also more typical fare: Waterloo (1970), Jane Eyre (1970), The Beloved (1971), When Eight Bells Toll (1971), Nicholas and Alexandra (1971) and Kidnapped (1971).
The Last Lion (1972), shot in South Africa, offered him a rare lead. It was followed by Young Winston (1972), Escape to the Sun (1972), Theatre of Blood (1973) and Tales That Witness Madness (1973).
Hawkins also produced the film adaptation of Peter Barnes's The Ruling Class (1972), with Peter O'Toole and Alastair Sim.
Jack Hawkins' Personal Life
Hawkins married actress Jessica Tandy in 1932, and the couple divorced in 1940. Together, they had one daughter, Susan Hawkins (b. 1934).
In 1947, Hawkins married former actress Doreen Lawrence (1919–2013), and they remained married until his death in 1973. Together they had three children, Caroline (b. 1955), Andrew, and Nicholas Hawkins.
The Death of Jack Hawkins
In May 1973, Hawkins had an experimental operation on his throat to insert an artificial voicebox. He started haemorrhaging, and was admitted to St Stephen's Hospital, Fulham Road, London in June, forcing him to drop out of The Tamarind Seed (1974), in which Hawkins was to have played a Russian general.
He died in Chelsea, London on the 18th. July 1973, of a secondary haemorrhage. He was 62.
His final appearance was in the television miniseries QB VII. His autobiography, Anything For a Quiet Life, was published after his death. He was cremated and his ashes interred at Golders Green Crematorium in north London.
Ripe Ackee has fallennam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2...
Ackee, related to Lychee and Longan fruit, was brought from West Africa to Jamaica before 1778 probably on a slave ship! Since then it has become a major feature of Caribbean cuisines. The common name is derived from the West African' Akye fufo'. The term Ackee originated from the Akan language. It is a member of the Sapindaceae or soapberry family. The scientific name, Blighia sapida, honors Captain William Bligh who brought the fruit from Jamaica to the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew, England in 1793 and introduced it to science.
Ackee bears a pear-shape, multi-lobed fruit which has waxy red to yellow skin. When the Ackee fruit is ripe, it splits wide open. The edible part is the plump flesh, pale-to-buttery yellow in color, that clings to the lower part of the seed. This portion is called the aril. A shiny black seed sits on top of each aril. Only the aril is edible, and only after the fruit has "yawned open on the tree by itself." The seeds and rind contain high levels of toxins and SHOULD NOT BE EATEN, even when ripe.The seed and husk are always toxic. Ripe arils are boiled, usually in salt water or milk, then fried and eaten.
Ackee is the national fruit of Jamaica. Ackee and saltfish is the national dish. Like tofu, Ackee has a creamy texture and is relatively mild in flavor so does best when paired with strong ingredients like saltfish and peppers in Jamaica’s national dish. When it is paired with such flavors it becomes something worth talking about! But EATER BEWARE, the skin, unripe fruit and seeds of Ackee are highly toxic!
Ackee Poisoning...
When food is scarce and people eat unripe fruits, there are epidemics of hypoglycemia. Children sometimes eat unripe fruits problems are seen chiefly in pediatric departments. More than one family member may be affected if several people have eaten unripe fruit or if the water in which Ackee fruit has been cooked is re-used in the kitchen. The condition is well known in Jamaica and is sometimes called the "vomiting sickness of Jamaica".
There are also Cluster Figs, Ficus auriculata, in the background of this image. These tropical figs are edible but of poor quality. And, to the left, a spiny red Gac.
Ackee, Akee, Vegetable Brain, Akee Apple or Akee, Blighia sapida
Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami, FL
Fruit and Spice Park, Miami, FL
Ripe Ackee has split open to reveal shiny black seednam02.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2...
Ackee, related to Lychee and Longan fruit, was brought from West Africa to Jamaica before 1778 probably on a slave ship! Since then it has become a major feature of Caribbean cuisines. The common name is derived from the West African' Akye fufo'. The term Ackee originated from the Akan language. It is a member of the Sapindaceae or soapberry family. The scientific name, Blighia sapida, honors Captain William Bligh who brought the fruit from Jamaica to the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew, England in 1793 and introduced it to science.
Ackee bears a pear-shape, multi-lobed fruit which has waxy red to yellow skin. When the Ackee fruit is ripe, it splits wide open. The edible part is the plump flesh, pale-to-buttery yellow in color, that clings to the lower part of the seed. This portion is called the aril. A shiny black seed sits on top of each aril. Only the aril is edible, and only after the fruit has "yawned open on the tree by itself." The seeds and rind contain high levels of toxins and SHOULD NOT BE EATEN, even when ripe.The seed and husk are always toxic. Ripe arils are boiled, usually in salt water or milk, then fried and eaten.
Ackee is the national fruit of Jamaica. Ackee and saltfish is the national dish. Like tofu, Ackee has a creamy texture and is relatively mild in flavor so does best when paired with strong ingredients like saltfish and peppers in Jamaica’s national dish. When it is paired with such flavors it becomes something worth talking about! But EATER BEWARE, the skin, unripe fruit and seeds of Ackee are highly toxic!
Ackee Poisoning...
When food is scarce and people eat unripe fruits, there are epidemics of hypoglycemia. Children sometimes eat unripe fruits problems are seen chiefly in pediatric departments. More than one family member may be affected if several people have eaten unripe fruit or if the water in which Ackee fruit has been cooked is re-used in the kitchen. The condition is well known in Jamaica and is sometimes called the "vomiting sickness of Jamaica".
There are also Cluster Figs, Ficus auriculata, in the background of this image. These tropical figs are edible but of poor quality. And, to the left, a spiny red Gac.
Ackee, Akee, Vegetable Brain, Akee Apple or Akee, Blighia sapida
Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami, FL
Fruit and Spice Park, Miami, FL
mutiny on the Bountyyoutu.be/t0oqEjxOUww
The mutiny on the Royal Navy vessel HMS Bounty occurred in the South Pacific Ocean on 28 April 1789. Disaffected crewmen, led by acting-Lieutenant Fletcher Christian, seized control of the ship from their captain, Lieutenant William Bligh, and set him and 18 loyalists adrift in the ship's open launch. The mutineers variously settled on Tahiti or on Pitcairn Island. Bligh navigated more than 3,500 nautical miles (6,500 km; 4,000 mi) in the launch to reach safety, and began the process of bringing the mutineers to justice.
Bounty had left England in 1787 on a mission to collect and transport breadfruit plants from Tahiti to the West Indies. A five-month layover in Tahiti, during which many of the men lived ashore and formed relationships with native Polynesians, led many men to be less amenable to military discipline. Relations between Bligh and his crew deteriorated after he began handing out increasingly harsh punishments, criticism and abuse, Christian being a particular target. After three weeks back at sea, Christian and others forced Bligh from the ship. Twenty-five men remained on board afterwards, including loyalists held against their will and others for whom there was no room in the launch.
After Bligh reached England in April 1790, the Admiralty despatched HMS Pandora to apprehend the mutineers. Fourteen were captured in Tahiti and imprisoned on board Pandora, which then searched without success for Christian's party that had hidden on Pitcairn Island. After turning back towards England, Pandora ran aground on the Great Barrier Reef, with the loss of 31 crew and four prisoners from Bounty. The ten surviving detainees reached England in June 1792 and were court-martialled; four were acquitted, three were pardoned, and three were hanged.
Christian's group remained undiscovered on Pitcairn until 1808, by which time only one mutineer, John Adams, remained alive. Almost all of his fellow mutineers, including Christian, had been killed, either by each other or by their Polynesian companions. No action was taken against Adams; descendants of the mutineers and their Tahitian captives live on Pitcairn into the 21st century.
140/365. One day - I will open this extremely fine, rare Caribbean Rum.
Beacon Books B922X - Norman Bligh - The Sisters (back)
St Michael’s, St Michael’s Road, Minehead, Somerset 25 March 2014
YX17 NEN (6520)
GN04 UEL (6421)
Home of Captain William Bligh
Bligh Place Randwick Ad April 21 1973 daily telegraph 35
Uniting Church and Hall, Parkes, NSW, 1897 and 1912
Hispano-Suiza H6B Bligh Twin Cockpit Tourer 1929, Spanish Swagger, Swiss Sobriety, Cosmopolotan Style of Hispano-Suiza, Cartier Style et Luxe, Goodwood Festival of Speed (1)
Hispano-Suiza H6B Bligh Twin Cockpit Tourer 1929, Spanish Swagger, Swiss Sobriety, Cosmopolotan Style of Hispano-Suiza, Cartier Style et Luxe, Goodwood Festival of Speed (2)
Hispano-Suiza H6B Bligh Twin Cockpit Tourer 1929, Spanish Swagger, Swiss Sobriety, Cosmopolotan Style of Hispano-Suiza, Cartier Style et Luxe, Goodwood Festival of Speed (4)
Hispano-Suiza H6B Bligh Twin Cockpit Tourer 1929, Spanish Swagger, Swiss Sobriety, Cosmopolotan Style of Hispano-Suiza, Cartier Style et Luxe, Goodwood Festival of Speed (5)
Zaki Ameer 2021 — Dream Design Property Businesszakiameer.com.au/
1785_Cook_-_Bligh_Map_of_Hawaii_-_Geographicus_-_Hawaii-cook-1785
1785_Cook_-_Bligh_Map_of_Hawaii_-_Geographicus_-_Hawaii-cook-1785
Curaçao - Governor's Mansion and Fort AmsterdamThe Postcard
A postally unused tarjeta postal that was published by Prospero Baïz & Co. of Curaçao, D. W. I. The card has a divided back.
Fort Amsterdam
Fort Amsterdam is a fort located in Willemstad, Curaçao. It was constructed in 1634 by the Dutch West India Company (WIC) and served not only as a military fort, but also as the headquarters of the WIC.
Currently it serves as the seat of the government and governor of Curaçao. The fort is named after the Amsterdam chamber of the WIC and was considered the main of eight forts on the island.
History of Fort Amsterdam
In the 1630's the Dutch West India Company was searching for a new outpost in the Caribbean. The company set its sights on Curaçao, which was then a Spanish possession. In 1634 the Dutch admiral Johannes van Walbeeck, together with 200 soldiers, landed on the island and fought the 32 Spanish troops, who surrendered on the 21st. August 1634, after resisting for three weeks.
Van Walbeeck ordered the construction of a fort at the mouth of the Sint Anna Bay. Dutch soldiers and slaves from Angola built the fort, which became the headquarters of the WIC from the outset.
Conditions in the fort were poor however, due to a lack of drinking water and food. Soldiers almost started a mutiny that a raise in pay and improved rations quelled.
In 1636 the construction of the fort was completed. Most of the population then went to live in the fort, with the city of Willemstad eventually growing outside of it.
The fort was designed with three metre wide walls and five bastions, however only four were built. The fort had cannons that were located primarily to seaward.
In 1804 a cannonball fired by British captain John Bligh, of HMS Theseus, hit the church. Bligh led a small squadron that captured the fort in February 1804. The ball is still embedded in the southwestern wall of the fort church.
The Raid on The Fort
On the 8th. June 1929 the Venezuelan rebel Rafael Simón Urbina, with 250 soldiers, captured the fort. The Venezuelans plundered weapons, ammunition, and the island's treasury.
They also managed to capture the Governor of the island, Leonard Albert Fruytier, and hauled him off to Venezuela on the stolen American ship Maracaibo. Following the raid the Dutch government decided to permanently station marines and ships on the island.
Current Use of The Fort
The fort is currently part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site Historic Area of Willemstad, Inner City and Harbour, Curaçao. The offices of the cabinet and governor of Curaçao are located in the fort. There are also some government offices and a museum of the Protestant community located in the fort church.
Beacon Books B922X - Norman Bligh - The Sisters
La pointe Vénus en baie de Matavai à Tahiti
Thailand - Bangkok - Market - Rose Apple - 20
